The Basic Principles Of 癌症

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癌症是一组可影响身体任何部位的多种疾病的通称。使用的其它术语为恶性肿瘤和赘生物。癌症的一个决定性特征是异常细胞快速生成，这些细胞超越其通常边界生长并可侵袭身体的临近部位和扩散到其它器官。后者被称为转移。广泛转移是癌症死亡的主要原因。

某些癌症类型，如睾丸精原细胞瘤以及不同类型的儿童白血病和淋巴瘤，如果加以适当的治疗，即使癌细胞已经扩散到身体其它部位，治愈率也很高。

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体重减轻。癌症和癌症治疗可能导致体重减轻。癌症肿瘤会夺取正常细胞的营养。这通常不受摄入多少卡路里或吃哪类食物的影响，而且难以治疗。在大多数情况下，通过管子将人工营养输入胃或静脉中并不能帮助改变体重减轻的状况。

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如果能早期发现和治疗病例，则可降低癌症死亡率。早期发现包括两个部分，即：早期诊断和筛查。

This menu's updates are depending on your action. The data is barely saved locally (with your Personal computer) and hardly ever transferred to us. You'll be able to click on these backlinks to clear your historical past or disable it.

This menu's updates are depending on your exercise. The data is only saved regionally (on the Computer system) and in no way transferred to us. You can click these links to obvious your background or disable it.

? This menu's updates are determined 癌症 by your action. The information is just saved regionally (on your own Personal computer) and in no way transferred to us. You may click on these inbound links to distinct your historical past or disable it.

第三步——发育不良，除了增殖过度外，粉色细胞的后代在形状和方向上也出现 异常；该组织被称为发育不良。再一段时间过后，一种罕见的改变细胞行为的突变 发生了（紫色）。

第一步——基因突变，当正常细胞（米色）中的某些细胞（橙色）发生基因突变， 使其在正常状态下增殖的倾向增加时，肿瘤就开始发展了。

癌组织（恶性）可分为血液和造血组织的肿瘤（白血病和淋巴瘤）及“实体”肿瘤（实体细胞肿块）。癌性实体瘤可分类为癌或肉瘤。特定癌症可以通过它们初始发生的器官和其产生的细胞类型进一步分类，例如，皮肤鳞状细胞癌。

身体的化学变化。癌症会打乱您体内正常的化学平衡，增加出现严重并发症的风险。化学失衡的体征和症状可能包括过度口渴、尿频、便秘和意识混乱。